by Shubham Kumar Reference signals are unique signals only present in Physical channels and are used to deliver a reference point for resource scheduling during Uplink and downlink transmission. It occupies specific resource elements within the grid. NR constitutes of 4 reference signals i.e. NR RF VS LTE RF: Types of Reference Signals: DMRS Apart …
By Shubham Kumar Data(UL/DL) is transmitted in the form of radio frames in the air. Radio Frames are of a duration of 10ms which consists of 10 subframes each having a duration of 1ms. Subframes inside a radio frame are serialized as SF0, SF1, SF2, SF3, …., and SF9. A subframe is made up of a …
In 5G, it provides different services to the devices. For providing that service is the 5G system, it needs to track the availability and also the reachability of the device. 5G system tracks these states of the device such as:- RRC (radio resource control), Connection Management (CM), and Registration management (RM). RRC determines the RRC …
PBCH It carries the broadcast information known to be as MIS (minimum system information). It carries information like SSB index, half-frame number and system frame number. It is also used for frame and slot synchronization. Now, the modulation used for PBCH is QPSK modulation and it also has the DMRS signals used to know the …
Microservices When the large applications are broken down into the different small services it’s known to be microservices. Each service is performing the desired task and they can communicate with each other through an interface which is known as the SBI (service-based interface). By using the microservices architecture, they provide flexibility like different services performing …
Network slicing overlays multiple virtual networks on top of a shared network. There are some limits imposed by the physical networks. The idea of living is to use an underlying physical network and takes its capabilities and divide it into the logical section where each section can have different performance characteristics. Now for different performance …
IDENTIFIERS IN 5G Identifiers are used who uniquely recognize the entity. Send all the connection characteristics are tied to this identity. For example, if the device identity can be used it will be fine if it is a blacklisted device or not. Subscription identity is used to define if the subscription allows a certain 5G …